PKIDB: A Curated, Annotated and Updated Database of Protein Kinase Inhibitors in Clinical Trials

Lazertinib (YH-25448, GNS-1480) is an inhibitor of the aberrant activity of EGFR mutant kinases, that was originally developed by Yuhan Corporation for antineoplastic potential in cancers with (acquired) resistance to existing EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors, in particular for EGFR mutation positive, advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In addition to predicted efficacy for the treatment of primary lung and extracranial lesions, lazertinib is expected to be beneficial for NSCLC brain metastases as it is able to cross the blood brain barrier.

Pralsetinib, also known as BLU-667, is a highly potent, selective, next generation RET inhibitor. BLU-667 is a potent and selective inhibitor of RET mutations, fusions, and predicted resistant mutants. RET fusions are key drivers of multiple cancers, including lung and thyroid cancer, and our research suggests that RET also plays a key role in some colon and breast cancers. By simultaneously targeting the primary driver and predicted resistant mutants that render cancer cells insensitive to treatment with currently approved drugs

Vactosertib (EW-7197) acts as in inhibitor of transforming growth factor beta receptor 1B (ALK5) and activin A receptor type IB (ALK4). The compound is potent, selective, and orally bioavailable, and exhibits experimental anti-tumour activity.

Tomivosertib, also known as eFT508 is a MNK1/2 inhibitor. Tomivosertib binds to and inhibits the activity of MNK1 and 2. This prevents MNK1/2-mediated signaling, and inhibits the phosphorylation of certain regulatory proteins, including eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (eIF4E), that regulate the translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) involved in tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis, survival and immune signaling

Ceralasertib, also known as AZD6738, is an orally available morpholino-pyrimidine-based inhibitor of ataxia telangiectasia and rad3 related (ATR) kinase, with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon oral administration, ATR kinase inhibitor Ceralasertib selectively inhibits ATR activity by blocking the downstream phosphorylation of the serine/threonine protein kinase CHK1. This prevents ATR-mediated signaling, and results in the inhibition of DNA damage checkpoint activation, disruption of DNA damage repair, and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis.

Dilmapimod has been used in trials studying the treatment and diagnostic of Nerve Trauma, Inflammation, Pain, Neuropathic, Arthritis, Rheumatoid, and Coronary Heart Disease, among others.

Bimiralisib (PQR309) is a novel dual inhibitor of phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinases, with expected utility as an anti-cancer agent.

Amuvatinib is a selective multi-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitor that suppresses c-MET, c-RET and the mutant forms of c-KIT, PDGFR and FLT3. Amuvatinib also suppresses Rad51 protein, a critical comp\nonent of double-stranded DNA repair in cancer cells.

LY3023414 is a dual inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase α (PI3Kα) and the serine/threonine kinase mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin), with potential antineoplastic activity.

Parsaclisib (INCB050465) is a PI3Kδ inhibitor that was developed by Incyte Corporation as an antineoplastic and immunomodulatory agent, as claimed in their patent WO2014134426A1 [1]. The chemical structure is one of those claimed in patent WO2013033569A1, but it is not clear which example it is from a mixture of diastereoisomers 345-348 (although 347 and 348 had the highest inhibitory potency vs. PI3Kδ and 347 was tested in vivo [2].

AC0010 is an orally active, irreversible EGFR inhibitor that selectively targets mutated EGFRs, and was designed to overcome T790M-induced resistance in tumours [2]. It may also inhibit BTK, thus offering extended clinical utility [3]. We show the structure for the free base form of the compound.

Radotinib is indicated for the treatment of different types of cancer, most notably Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) with resistance or intolerance of other Bcr-Abl tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, such as patients resistant or intolerant to imatinib.

Ripretinib (DCC-2618) is an orally bioavailable, potent pan-KIT and PDGFRα kinase inhibitor being developed by Dicephera Pharmaceuticals. It is in clinical development for the treatment of malignancies that are driven by KIT and/or PDGFRα, for example gastrointestinal stromal tumors, glioblastoma multiforme and systemic mastocytosis. Ripretinib has activity across a broad range of resistance mutations in its target kinases, that emerge in response to imatinib treatment. Ripretinib binds to the 'switch pocket' of KIT, a domain that regulates the enzyme's catalytic conformation. Compounds that act in this way are often referred to as switch control inhibitors.